THRESHOLDGIRL…..thoughts as I write Threshold Girl the ebook

February 4, 2011

Rolled Up Stockings and Cat Suits

Filed under: Family Life Laurier Era,History Books — thresholdgirl @ 11:06 am

Woman and BIG Hat..1910 Era.

In history class, in high school, we took 2 years of Canadian History; then two years of British history; then one year of World History.

I happen to have on hand the textbook used for the Canadian part, Canada Then and Now.

I just re-read (sic) the part about the Laurier Era.

(Now, the book was published in 1954, the year of my birth, and it is copyrighted to the MacMillan Company of Canada, that no longer exists. So I’ll assume it is the public domain.)

The book is written in clear, cold noncommittal prose, as is typical for textbooks of the era. There are a few pages on the Wheat Boom and Immigration.

“By 1896 there was no cheap land left in eastern Canada. So many immigrants had poured into the American West that most of the good land there had been taken up. This was Canada’s opportunity. Clifford Sifton, Minister of the Interior in Laurier’s cabinet, began to advertise the fertile farmlands of the Canadian West, first in Great Britain and in the United States, and then throughout the length and breadth of Europe.”

Well, a little fib here. Northern Europe maybe.

The books skirts the dark side of this immigration business, but of course, although when listing the nationalities who immigrated to the West, it is clear that no Greeks or Italians were invited to the party.

This is how history books (and some serious historical movies) avoid touchy issues. They don’t lie, they just leave things out.

“The prospects were tempting. For a 10 dollar fee a man could take up a homestead. Each homesteader was granted 160 acres of land, on condition that he build a house on it, live on it six months of the year, break thirty acres a year, and put twenty acres under crop. If he fulfilled these conditions, the land was his after 3 years.”

Well, the book also talks about Laurier’s visit to the Imperial Conference during the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee Year, 1897. (Which contained discussions about Canadians potentially sitting in the UK Parliament.) And it also has a bit about the Naval Bill and how Laurier’s push for Reciprocity (free trade with the US) lost him and the Liberals the 1911 election.

Canada Then and Now claims that Canadians voted against reciprocity more because they feared being absorbed by the US. (An American politican bragged about soon seeing the US flag fly over the North.)

So I must find some era articles about this. Clearly lobbyists used this as a fear-tactic.

I’m right at this point in my editing of the Nicholson Family Saga.

Anyway, it’s a very male-centered history, of course. Although the text is authored by a female. Why would a book published in the mid 1950′s, the era when women were shuttled back into the home to wax their floors silly and keep their silhouettes svelte for hubby, contain information about the women suffrage movement?

No mention of shirtwaist suits and big hats, either, like in MY history. If I wanted to learn about the era’s big hats, back in 1967, I had to wait to catch Easter Parade on my fuzzy black and white 18 inch Television. “On the Avenue…” Talk about Lost in Translation.

Of course, in the sixties, our landlady, who lived downstairs, was right out of the Edwardian Era, about the same age as Edith. But she just seemed incredibly old. (Well, she was.) And unlike Edith, who dressed to the nines until the very end, this woman wore an old house dress and her thick nylon stockings rolled around her ankles. And her sensible shoes were right out of the 1910′s too.

And, in 1967, when my British/Malayan grandmother, born in 1895, visited us for Expo, I was also unimpressed. I wrote about it in Looking for Mrs. Peel. www.tighsolas.ca/page745.html. Compared to the young swinging Carnaby Street beauties, in their neon green and orange cat suits and go go boots on the cover of fashion magazines, she just didn’t cut it in my eyes. Imagine that!

January 29, 2011

Letter 8: Heatwaves and Buggy Dreams

Filed under: Canada 1910,family in 1910,Family Life Laurier Era — thresholdgirl @ 10:18 pm


Bills bills bills. The Nicholsons left behind household accounts from 1883 to 1921 and well as a number of invoices from the turn of the last century and the First World War.

Richmond
Tighsolas
July 9 1911

Dear Norman,

Your letter dated July 2nd with cheque for $20.00 received. I will attend to the bills. Thanks for the same.

I just got a bag of flour (2.90) and I am owing my grocery bill at Mc Rae’s.

I have been having Stanley Hill (teenage nephew)cutting the lawn. He does it very well. I pay him 50 cts a week. I notice the weeds in the gravel are showing up. The garden looks very good everything doing well.

Peas are ready to use, are having some for dinner today. I put the paris green on the potatoes twice.

Flora and I. Mrs. Montgomery came over to tell me that the bugs were eating up my potatoes.

I was waiting to get someone to do it for me, as that was one thing I never attempted and thought I could not do it.

But when she interfered thought we would try if. (Mrs. M was possible worried her potatoes would become infested.)

So one dark night, Flora got the lantern and we went out when the bugs were asleep and gave them their dose. We dressed ourselves in the shed. You ought to have seen us. When we got through left our clothes there. Went to bed and dreamed all night that the bugs were crawling over us.

Uncle Dan was up yesterday (brother?). He’s only been up once before since you left. He has so much to do with his own garden he thought everything was looking well.

He rides around with Clayton in the auto. But for over a week the auto is being painted. They are getting it fixed up to go down to Lindonville to his Aunt’s Golden wedding this month.

Grandma is up at Bella’s (sister, wife of Clayton, mother of Stanley)for a few days.

We have had dreadful hot weather. Just fancy, one night we slept out on the veranda. Took our mattresses down. The Skinners were sleeping in theirs so that we were not afraid and we had Flossie (Dalmation)with us but yesterday afternoon it rained so last night was cool.

We all had a good sleep and today is fine. We feel like working. I hope you did not have this extreme heat. We had quite a cold wave about the 24th but no frost.

I hear the presentation to Sutherland is Saturday. Smoking concert in the town office. Mrs. Beiber is improving but not able to be dressed yet. Majory Sutherland keeps about the same.

Mr. Montgomery seems to be getting on well with the house, working at the wood part now. The barn is finished. Had one coat of paint. Will be light, as ours.

The wood (for cooking) seems to be holding out well. I have not heard about Flora’s exams yet.

Aunt Christie Watters has gone down to Boston a week ago. They did not come to tell us when she was going and we have seen not May since she came home.

I mailed you papers Gilbert (Norman’s brother in Alberta) sent you. I wonder why he sent them? Is it that you might see Borden’s speech? (Head of Federal Conservatives.)

I have not heard from Herb since the one I mailed you. Hope he will write soon. I was in hopes he had written you. Will write you soon again. Trusting you will keep well. We are all very well.

Miss Villard stayed from Monday until Friday.

Yours with much love
Margaret

I think you better save the little personal. They are apt to get into other people’s hands. M

…The postscript to this letter says it all: Be careful what you write, you never know who will read the letter. This is something to remember as you read the Nicholson letters. They were edited as they poured out of the pen. At the same time, these letters are much like phone calls (they were substitutes for phone calls as Long Distance was far too costly to use, despite A T and T’s efforts in their advertising to get era mothers to use the phone to keep in contact with wayward children.

$2.90 for a barrel of flour. Nicholson ‘store accounts’ reveal that figure to be a bargain. The usual cost of wheat flour was around $4.50 to 5.00 a barrel and stayed stable throughout the Wheat Boom Era. However, Margaret writes bag, so perhaps it was half a barrel.

There was a heatwave in Montreal in the summer of 1911. There was a heatwave in the UK as well, which precipitated a mass exodus (of rich and poor) out of London as well as a number of labour strikes. According to the Gazette, for those Montrealers who want to escape the heat, the Princess Theatre was hosting a travel show, “ideal location as the theatre is always cool” with ‘scenes’ of the South Pole with penguins and ice floes and polar bears(sic).

J.C Sutherland was the town druggest and also a former Secretary of St. Francis College at the turn of the century, when it had been affiliated with McGill University. In 1911 he was appointed Superintendant of Protestant Schools, a position second only to the Minister of Education.

The Nicholson’s home town was a seat of Protestant education in Quebec; the first protestant school in Quebec was established in Richmond in the 1700′s.

Clayton Hill, Margaret’s brother in law, is in the tombstone business. He is,not surprisingly, very well off, as that business in 1912 didn’t want for customers. There were many deaths in Richmond that year and it was remarked upon in the letters. Hill also votes Conservative, which irks the Nicholsons no end. So does brother Gilbert out in Alberta, evidently.

Nicholson Family Saga: Letter 6. Car Accident!

Filed under: 1910 Canada,early automobiles,Family Life Laurier Era — thresholdgirl @ 3:05 pm


Richmond
Tighsolas
Sunday June 25
PM
1911
Dear Norman,

Your letter with enclosed photo of my old chum received was very glad to see you looking so well and comfortable. You seem very stylish with curtains on your windows. I suppose that is for the flies.

Your letters are not long on the way so makes it better for us all. I am glad you are having an easy time.

Marion is not here yet. She wrote that she would be with us Monday at 7 PM.

Miss McCoy’s wedding is the 12 of July so I hope she won’t think of going to it.

Mr. Beiber had quite a bad accident with the auto on the 22nd. Mrs. Beiber’s brother was here about 11 o’clock in the morning. They started for Windsor. Mr. Bieber running the car. John Harkensen sitting in front with him, in the back Mrs. Bieber in the back with little Majory (6).

Mr Henry and the three children (were) coming home, He was running fast as usual, he struck the sand.

There was something wrong with the steering gear they say, however, the car turned over, some were thrown out, but Mrs. Bieber and Marjory (6) were pinned under.

Marjory crawled out when they lifted the car but Mrs. Bieber was unconscious for some time. They brought her back in an express wagon and had the doctor waiting at the house. She has no bones broken, only badly bruised about the chest side and back. She is in bed – I think for a good while. I was in to see her last night . She does not complain. Is so thankful that she or some of the others were not killed. All the others escaped without any injury.

Mr. Henry is still here. The car was sent to Danville by express the next morning, badly wrecked. Mrs. Bieber told me he would not listen to anyone about his fast running, but she think he has had a lesson. He makes light of the accident, says Mrs. Bieber will be out in a couple of days. I have my doubts.

Later 26th, Monday.

Edith went to Lake Avril (Vermont) Saturday afternoon with the Skinners. Took Miss Sparrow, too. They returned this morning at 10 o’clock.

Had the time of their lives. Stayed one night at Lake Avril, which is four miles from Morton Mills.

The Montgomerys took Flora and me for a little run around the town yesterday evening.

Dr. Villard’s daughter came this morning to make Edith a visit. Will stay until Saturday. Dr. Skinner met her at the train with the auto. They certainly have been very kind to us.

Edith is with them all the time. I have not heard from Herb since the one I enclosed to you.

We had a call from Mrs Goff of Portland today, that is Jessie McNaughton. I took her over to see Grandma. Then down to McC’s. She is having tea with the Alex McLeary at Keenan’s Hotel.

I mailed the Times and Record. Mrs. Moffatt was up. I have not seen the Dr. to speak to. People think he has lost all he invested with White.

I got notice of Flora’s school fees.

I am keeping the other things straight, only have not paid McRae’s bill (grocer) since you left. It is not much.

Marion has just arrived. With much love

Your wife Margaret.

It was an Age of Anxiety as well as an Age of Excitement. Here, in one letter we have a graphic account of a serious auto accident and also tales of delightful car trips, short and long.

Automobiles in those days of rugged roads had to function more like all terrain vehicles than modern autos. The speed limit in Montreal was 8 miles an hour; in the country it was 15 miles an hour. With the automobile being a brand new invention, a ‘fad’ in many people’s minds, traffic Regulations were in embryo and a topic of much debate.
There’s a subtext in these letters with respect to the auto.
All the Nicholson’s friends had automobiles, but they, themselves, could not begin to afford one. Indeed, they had once owned a horse, and now only had a fine carriage stowed in the barn. They were trying to sell the carriage, but to no avail. However, the Local MNA, Peter Mackenzie, Quebec Finance Minister and graduate of St. Francis College borrowed the carriage in 1912 to do a little local electioneering. Clearly he knew better than to appear too uppity to the local farmers.

Dr. Moffat’s loss may be the talk of the town, but it has negative repercussions on the Nicholsons, too. Moffatt is one of son Herb’s many creditors, and although a close family friend, he soon presses the family to pay up.

Nicholson Family Saga: Letter 4, A wedding, a funeral, a graduation and a Coronation

Filed under: 1910 life,1911 census,Family Life Laurier Era,Masonic — thresholdgirl @ 1:23 pm


June 15, 1911,

Dear Norman,

You’re letters of the 11th and 12th just received. I hope you have already received one from me with Herb’s enclosed.

You will be surprised to hear that Edith had a trip to the city by auto with the Skinners. (Whoops. She told him about this in last letter.) She had a delightful trip, no breaks or stops and arrived home at 7 o’clock safe and very hungry. We had everyone come in for a cup of tea and I had just baked bread so they thought that was fine.

Edith had Lulu Stevens sewing for a few days, so I got her to do same for me. I had my muslin dress also one from the print you bought me. And my white skirt. So we won’t be sewing all summer as we used to do.

Charlie Wilson came up and told me he could not do the lawn, so I will have to look for someone else tomorrow.

Old Mr. Hill died yesterday at 5.pm, the 14th. Funeral Saturday, the 17th. Masonic. I went up for a while this evening.

Today Mrs. Campbell, Grace (Cross) and Bert (Cross, a woman) called. They were asking for you. I told them it was a great deal better than La Tuque. I trust it is.

Is the handcar safe? It will be easier than the walking. Happy to hear McKechnie is all right. If he is a Liberal and a Mason he will be better!

I am sorry you are having such a hard time with flies. Well, their season soon will be past.

Well, the Census man was around. I gave him your age as 60. Was I right. You know I always save a few years for myself. He did not take Herb’s or Marion’s. So that is over.

Flora will finish her exams tomorrow. She has kept well. The weather has been cool, so that made it pleasant.

Dr. Moffat’s loss is the talk of the town. Dr. Skinner said he has heard they will not be able to pay him for than 15 cents on the dollar.

Marion is not going to wait for the wedding (Isabel McCoy’s) as it would keep her too long in town.

As you can see by Herb’s letter he feels lonesome to think of you being so far away, but if we all keep well, we will all be together for the summer months.

We will manage everything here all right until then. Only it does seem ages since you left. We have not got used to staying alone.

Kenneth got your letters. Big Kenneth said he thought you were taking Laurier’s place while he was away at the Coronation.

He told me to tell you he said so.

Christina Watters went into Montreal to May’s (daughter’s) graduation, which is today. Henry (Dr. Henry Watters of Newton, Center, Massachusetts and May’s brother) is coming up if he can get away.

Right now, Edith is at the Skinner’s playing cards. Flora is looking over her lessons, so I thought I would write to my best fellow.

(Uncle Dan (Margaret’s brother) says you are all right on the railroad. He was often out in the woods, he says. Still I think 63 miles a long distance. Is it all woods from Cochran? Will the work last long there?

I have mailed you your check book. We have not seen the Herald all week. Take good care of yourself. I will write again soon.

With much Love,
Margaret.

Marion Nicholson never did get enumerated for this 1911 Census. How do I know? Grace Cross lives in Montreal at 5 Tupper, with her mom. They are former Richmondites. A Mrs. Ellis owns the house next door and takes in boarders because that’s where Marion lives during the school year. Only 2 boarders are listed at that address, a nurse-in-training and a stenographer.

Census Page for Nicholsons. The Skinners are Frank and Ruby, son Floyd.

May Watters, Norman and Margaret’s niece, is graduating from Macdonald Teachers College.

According to the Census Records, her family lived in Kingsbury in 1911. (The Census has them as Waters!) May stayed with the Margaret and Flora 1908-1910, likely to attend St. Francis.

She is the same age as Flora but one year ahead at school. Henry is her older brother (born 1880) and, from all accounts an exemplary young man, indeed, everything Herbert Nicholson is not. Henry is hard-working, kind, generous and devoted to kin. In the summer of 1909, he takes his dad on a visit to the homeland. Norman remarked on it in a letter. “Dr. Henry and his father are sailing by this time. When they get back you will get a whole new set of stories when he calls. It’s nice of Henry to take his father on that trip. Every boy is not so thoughtful. Some if they have the means would prefer to go alone or with friends “

May and Flora visit him in 1908 (and ride in his Stanley Steamer to the Wellesley Campus)and Edith and Marion visit him in 1912 and are taken to Norumbega Park. Henry is unmarried and lives with his sister Christina, who is a few years older than May. But his clapboard Colonial house on Commonwealth Avenue is equipped with all the latest gadgets, Flora says.

“Big Kenneth”… These Scots tended to rotate but a few names, Malcolm, Norman, Kenneth, John.. so they needed ways to distinguish one from the other.

Isabel McCoy is the daughter of family friends in Montreal. They live on Hutchison and in the 1911 Census Isabel is listed as ‘professeur’ earning 700. a year. Marion earns 650. in 1912. May, if she gets a job on the Montreal Board, can expect to earn 550. to start. Were she a male graduate, she would earn 800. to start.

The pencil has faded on the 1911 Census form, but Norman puts his salary at 1,200. That’s 100 a month. Unfortunately, it gets halved in 1912.

Margaret is worried for Norman. She senses railroad work is dangerous, and it is. A highly publicized book has just come out to that effect. And then there’s the mud and the blackflies and extreme heat and the extreme cold. But it’s the loneliness and boredom that gets to Norman the most. At 60, he is too old to play on the Residency hockey team. As a Presbyterian who has signed a temperance pledge he does not drink or gamble.

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